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nutrition |
study of how food nourishes the body |
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nutrients |
specific biochemical substances used by the body for growth, development, activity, reproduction, lactation, health maintenance and recovery from illness or injury. |
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basal metabolism |
energy required to carry on the involuntary activities of the body at rest |
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body mass index (BMI) |
ratio of weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters). reliable indicator of total body fat stores. |
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BMI formula |
weight in kg / (height in m) x (height in m) |
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BMI #s |
underweight: below 18.5 |
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1 lb of body fat = ___ calories |
3500 |
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recommended dietary allowance (RDA) |
recommendations for average daily amounts that healthy population groups should consume over time. intended for populations, not individuals. |
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daily amt of carbs needed to prevent ketosis |
50-100 g |
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major function of protein |
maintain body tissues that break down from normal wear and tear and to support the growth of new tissue |
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ideal % of protein intake |
10-20% |
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trans fat |
partially hydrogenated liquid oils that are now more solid and stable. raises serum cholesterol. |
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cholesterol |
fatlike substance found only in animal products. not an essential nutrient, body makes sufficient amts. |
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ideal % of fat intake |
20-30% |
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vitamins |
organic compounds needed in small amts. do no provide energy, but are needed for the metabolism of carb, protein and fat. |
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water soluble vitamins |
includes vitamin c and b-complex vitamins. usually not stored in body and deficiency is apt to occur quickly when intake is inadequate. |
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fat soluble vitamins |
vitamin a, d, e and k. |
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minerals |
inorganic elements found in all body fluids and tissues in the form of salts or combined with organic compounds. some function to provide structure within the body, other help to regulate body processes. |
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water is ___% of adult's total weight |
50-60% |
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ideal water daily intake |
2L |
