Medical Terminology Chapter 1

adenoma

Tumor of a gland.

adenitis

Inflammation of a gland.

arthritis

Inflammation of a joint.

biology

Study of life.

biopsy

Removal of living tissue and examination under a microscope

carcinoma

Cancerous tumor.

cardiology

Study of the heart.

cephalic

Pertaining to the head.

cerebral

Pertaining to the brain

incision

Process of cutting into.

excision

Process of cutting out

endocrine glands

Glands that secrete hormones within the body

cystoscopy

Process of visual examination of the urinary bladder.

cytology

Study of cells.

dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin.

hypodermic

Pertaining to under the skin.

electrocardiogram

Record of the electricity in the heart.

electroencephalogram

Record of the electricity of the brain.

enteritis

Inflammation of the intestines.

erythrocyte

A red blood cell.

gastrectomy

Removal of the stomach.

gastrotomy

Incision of the stomach.

diagnosis

State of complete knowledge

prognosis

State of before knowledge

gynecology

Study of females and female diseases.

hematology

Study of blood.

hematoma

Collection (mass) of blood.

hemoglobin

Blood protein found in red blood cells

hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver

iatrogenic

Pertaining to being produced by treatment

leukocyte

White blood cell.

nephritis

Inflammation of the kidney.

nephrology

Study of the kidney.

neurology

Study of nerves.

oncology

Study of tumors.

oncologist

Specialist in the study of tumors.

ophthalmoscope

Instrument for visual examination of the eye

osteitis

Inflammation of bone.

osteoarthritis

Inflammation of bone and joints

pathology

Study of disease.

pathologist

One who studies diseases, performs autopsies, and examines biopsy samples.

pediatric

Pertaining to treatment of children

psychology

Study of the mind.

psychiatrist

Specialist in the treatment of the mind.

radiology

Study of x-rays.

renal

Pertaining to the kidney

rhinitis

Inflammation of the nose.

sarcoma

Tumor of flesh tissue

resection

Process of cutting out; removal.

thrombocyte

A clotting cell.

urology

Study of the urinary tract.

cardiac

Pertaining to the heart.

neural

Pertaining to nerves.

arthralgia

Pain of a joint.

neuralgia

Nerve pain.

erythrocyte

Red blood cell.

nephrectomy

Removal (resection) of a kidney.

leukemia

Blood condition of white cells

carcinogenic

Pertaining to producing cancer

pathogenic

Pertaining to producing disease

iatrogenic

Pertaining to produced by treatment (physician).

hemoglobin

bloodprotein

electroencephalogram

Record of the electricity in the brain

gastric

Pertaining to the stomach.

neurologic

Pertaining to the study of nerves.

excision

Process of cutting out; removal.

gynecologist

Specialist in the study of females and female disorders.

cystitis

Inflammation of the urinary bladder.

endocrinology

Study of the endocrine glands.

hepatoma

Tumor of the liver.

biopsy

Process of viewing life

nephrosis

Abnormal condition of the kidney.

leukocytosis

Abnormal condition of normal white blood cells

enteropathy

Disease of the intestines.

adenopathy

Disease of glands.

endoscope

Instrument to visually examine within (the body).

endoscopy

Process of visually examining within (the body).

prognosis

State of before knowledge; prediction about the outcome of treatment

osteotomy

Incision of a bone.

gastroenterology

Process of study of the stomach and intestines.

anemia

A decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

autopsy

“Self view”—examination of a dead body, understand its function

diagnosis

State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient’s illness

endoscopy

Process of visually examining within (the body).

endocrinologist

One who specializes in endocrine glands.

epigastric

Pertaining to above the stomach

epidermis

Outer layer of skin; above the dermis layer

excision

Process of cutting out; to resection.

exocrine glands

Glands that secrete chemicals to the outside of the body

hyperglycemia

Condition of increased blood sugar

hyperthyroidism

Condition of too much secretion of hormone (thyroxine) from the thyroid.

hypogastric

Pertaining to below the stomach

hypoglycemia

Condition of low blood sugar

incision

Process of cutting into; to section

pericardium

Structure (membrane) surrounding the heart

prostate gland

Exocrine gland in front of (before) the urinary bladder in males

resection

Removal; excision; cutting back

retrocardiac

Pertaining to behind the heart.

subhepatic

Pertaining to below the liver.

transhepatic

Pertaining to across or through the liver.